The parathyroid glands are 4 small endocrine glands located behind the thyroid gland in the neck. They produce parathyroid hormone (PTH), which helps regulate the level of calcium and phosphate in the blood. PTH acts to increase blood calcium levels by stimulating the release of calcium from bone tissue, increasing calcium absorption from the digestive tract, and decreasing calcium excretion by the kidneys.
The parathyroid glands play an important role in maintaining proper bone health and preventing conditions such as osteoporosis. Disorders of the parathyroid glands, such as hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism, can result in imbalances in calcium and phosphate levels, leading to a variety of symptoms and health problems.
Further Reading:
Endocrine System Structure, Function, & Health Tips