WBV can be split into two categories: WBV physiotherapy and WBV training. WBV physiotherapy includes stretches and massages in light contact with the machine or with minimal body weight behind the position. These positions should be zero effort (burning no energy). The most widely promoted WBV physiotherapy position is standing upright, lock-legged on a pivotal or low energy lineal machine.
There are two categories of machinery: pivotal and lineal. The best way to describe these actions are as follows: Pivotal is like jumping side-to-side from one foot to the other. Lineal is like jumping up and down or doing push-ups in one spot. Pivotal primarily works on the speed of the machine, looking at peak performance of approximately 27 Hz. Lineal works on a Mass x Acceleration x Frequency principle that could be best explained by the difference of catching a light ball to that of a heavy ball, and every ratio in between.
A pivotal machine running on a low frequency (12 Hz and under) would be mainly used for physiotherapy applications and some strength and conditioning. Above this frequency, it enters the area of exercise discipline and comes with some associated risks. For example, high speed with incorrect positioning could cause tissue damage. Whereas with lineal machines, the frequency is not so important. For example, a lighter frame plastic or fiberglass machine running at 50 Hz would be mainly considered physiotherapy with some strength and conditioning applications. Some flexibility in positions on these lighter machines is allowed and should not cause any associated tissue damage.
Vibration training as a discipline is known as “high energy lineal,” and this signifies the use of a heavy vibration unit with limited amplitude (0.7mm-6mm) performed most effectively and safely by static positions. Static positions are commonly mistaken for isometric poses.
